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E The classic Mac OS (System Software) is the series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Inc. From 1984 to 2001, starting with System 1 and ending with Mac OS 9. The Macintosh operating system is credited with having popularized the graphical user interface concept. Douglas Adams’s mega-selling pop-culture classic sends logic into orbit, plays havoc with both time and physics, offers up pithy commentary on such things as ballpoint pens, potted plants, and digital watches. And, most important, reveals the ultimate answer to life, the universe, and everything. An electronic book, also known as an e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices.

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Rare Items
Demo Units and Uncommon Collectibles

Note: The headings on this list indicate the Macintosh System bundle names; the bullet points indicate the version of the System File included in that bundle. This is to make it clearer for people searching for specific bundle versions as opposed to System File versions. Finder File versions are not indicated. 1 Classic Mac OS 1.1 Macintosh System Software (0 - 0.3) 1.1.1 System File 1 1.1.2. Why you should use Mac OS 7.6 to get the most out of vintage Macs, Thomas Ahart, The Productive Mac, 2005.12.12. Although you may be able to run OS 8 or 9 on your old Mac, you’ll generally find better performance using Mac OS 7.6. A history of the Color Classic, Tom Hormby, Orchard, 2005.10.31. The first all-in-one Mac with a color display.

Apple Lisa 2

The Lisa is the predecessor to the Macintosh. Released in 1983, the Lisa was the first commercial computer which utilized the advanced concepts developed at Xerox PARC a decade earlier: the GUI (Graphical User Interface), icons, menus and the mouse. Apple’s seminal workstation launched the next chapter of computing, and utilized features like pre-emptive multitasking and protected memory that the Mac wouldn’t get for nearly twenty years. But the Lisa wasn’t a big seller, cost $10,000, and was ultimately superseded at Apple by the Macintosh – the computer for the rest of us.

The VMM Lisa has an X/Profile Compact Flash adapter installed, to support running the Lisa OS long after the original Widget hard drive has given up the ghost. VMM Blog:At Last A Working Lisa! Mostly…

Clear Sided Mac 512k (HyperDrive Demo)

Before the Macintosh SE made its debut, there was no internal hard drive available for the compact Mac. Back in 1985 General Computer Corporation introduced the HyperDrive, an internal 10MB hard drive add-on. It wedged a 3.5-inch disk, power supply, logic board and fan inside the existing case, and was 7 times faster than Apple’s floppy-port based HD20. It also cost about the same price as the Macintosh itself, starting at nearly $2200 for the 512k – or $2800 for the 128k version, which upgraded you to 512K along the way.

This Mac model was a GCC trade show demo unit. The right and rear sides have been replaced by clear plexiglass panels, sporting graphics highlighting the HyperDrive components inside. It’s like a real world version of an engineering cutaway drawing! The hard drive and other electronics are long since gone, but the Mac is still working. This clear-sided beauty is a highlight of the Mac Museum’s collection.

Macintosh “Picasso” Dealer Sign and Packaging Artwork

The famous Macintosh Picasso logo was developed for the introduction of the original 128k Mac back in 1984. A minimalist line drawing considered to be in the style of Pablo Picasso, this whimsical graphic implied the whole of a computer in a few simple strokes. During roll-out of the Mac Apple used this artwork for manuals, software, packaging, etc.. They also produced a limited edition promotional sign for original Mac dealers, that has the Picasso line art along with the name Macintosh etched into a 10″ x 10″ piece of glass. Manually beveled and painted, the glass was mounted on a beige plastic base containing an internal fluorescent light, illuminating the glass from below.

Today these signs and original packaging using the Picasso artwork are popular on the Apple collectibles market. Ironically in 2014 the designer of this artwork, John Casado, revealed that it was actually Matisse, not Picasso, who was his primary inspiration for this graphical style!
VMM Blog:The Enduring Appeal of Macintosh Picasso Artwork

Outbound Notebook

The Macintosh Portable was Apple’s first entry into the notebook market, but it’s high price and hefty weight were obstacles to market success. Before the Luggable was replaced by the PowerBook several third party options appeared, including the Outbound Notebook. An early Mac clone produced under agreement with Apple, it required a genuine Macintosh ROM pulled from a working Mac Plus or SE. But even with that extra cost, the Outbound was nearly half the price of Apple’s offering ($3500 vs $6500), smaller, lighter and faster. Business users were pleased.

A unique feature of the Outbound was its pointing device, the TrackBar. Rather than a trackball or a trackpad, users slid their fingers left and right on a touch sensitive bar, which also rolled forward and backward, to move the cursor onscreen. Quite clever. And despite the kangaroo logo and down-under company name, Outbound Systems was actually located in Colorado, not Australia.
VMM Blog: An Outbound Notebook Comes In From the Cold

JLPGA PowerBook 170

In 1992 Apple manufactured approximately 500 multi-colored PowerBook 170 models to commemorate the Japanese Ladies Professional Golf Association (JLPGA) tournament. The JLPGA PB170 has the same innards as a standard 170, its rarity derives from the color case and that fact that only a small number were made. Replacing the standard battleship grey components are a dark blue palmrest and screen bezel, white top and bottom panels, yellow hinges, red sliding panels and green rotating feet. It is similar to the multicolor Apple logo color scheme and is really quite striking in appearance.

Also unique about this PowerBook is the Japanese keyboard. This was a promo item for the Japan so you don’t often see these keyboards outside that region. VMM Blog:A Rare Beast Captured: the JLPGA PowerBook 170

Macintosh TV

A black Mac! The Macintosh TV was a limited edition Performa 500 series all-in one, clad in a black case and including a TV tuner card. A Control Panel or supplied infrared remote control switched the whole screen between the Mac’s desktop, the TV tuner or a composite video input – no video-in-a-window on this puppy. Nothing the Performa couldn’t do, but Apple offered very few black machines during this period (or since) in North America (they were more popular in Europe), and it looked very cool! Unfortunately it was ahead of its time, and underwhelming performance plus slow sales led to a short lifespan. It has since become a desirable collector’s model.

At the VMM a Mac TV is connected to a DVD player running a loop of Apple TV commercials and demos.

Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh (TAM)

To commemorate the twentieth anniversary of Apple Computer, the company decided to release a special edition Macintosh. This limited edition model was Apple’s vision of the future, a flat panel screen design with a vertical computer behind the screen. It included advanced AV capabilities like an FM/TV tuner and a custom Bose sound system, but with a $7500 price tag even home delivery by a tech-in-a-tux wasn’t enticing enough to attract buyers. The price of the computer dropped to as low as $1995 before Apple pulled the plug a year later.

Today the TAM has become a coveted collector’s item, and in retrospect was the predecessor to later iMacs. It is an early Jony Ive product, one created before Jobs returned to Apple. VMM Blog:And a TAM Joins the Family

Apple eMate (Newton)

Shortly before the Newton’s demise Apple released the eMate, a small laptop (sub-notebook in modern parlance) designed for the education market. Colored Newton green, the eMate had a full QWERTY keyboard, a back-lit touch screen (stylus based), an expansion slot, AppleTalk networking capabilities, and a sturdy, appealing design. It ran the Newton OS, not Mac OS, and was a task-based portable computer well suited for note-taking, drawing, record keeping, etc.. The eMate was not a big commercial success, but its curvy shape, carrying handle and translucent plastics (another Jony Ive touch) influenced the designs of the colored iMacs and iBooks a few years later.

In the VMM the eMate is a perennial favorite. Many visitors to the Museum gravitate to this system, intuitively understand how to use it, and comment that it’s a cool little computer. Not bad for a vintage relic! VMM Blog:eMate Still a Crowd Favorite

Gemini iBook (Assistive Technology)

Touchscreen computers using a tablet form factor have been around for a long time, and work well as assistive technology devices used by the disabled. A decade before the iPad, a clamshell iBook G3 was married with a touchscreen to create this fully functional tablet Macintosh. The (now defunct) company Assistive Technology produced these systems back in 2001. The screen and keyboard of the iBook were replaced with an embedded touch sensitive display panel, and a small peripheral interface board along the top edge of the computer sports a USB port, a mini-joystick port, an input switch port, sound out and sound in ports. The iBook retains the ethernet port, modem, and CD-ROM drive. A popup keyboard (a la iOS) is used to type directly on screen, and speech recognition and speech synthesis software was included.

Cost of Gemini in 2001: $7500. Cost of iPad in 2014: $500. VMM Blog:Gemini iBook – a Mac OS 9 Tablet Mac

Axiotron Modbook

Six years after the Gemini iBook another company took a crack at making a tablet Mac, and this time for a wider audience. In 2007 Axiotron partnered with longtime Apple vendor OWC and introduced the Modbook, which took an Intel based MacBook and replaced the display with a touchscreen. Running OS X and offering a powerful computer in an elegant package, the Modbook defined the tablet Macintosh for several years – being, basically, the only entry.

In 2010 Apple introduced the iPad, and many predicted the Modbook’s demise. And indeed it did disappear for a few years, but reappeared in 2012 as the Modbook Pro, produced by a new company and using a 13″ MacBook Pro as the base system. There isn’t a large market for this kind of device, and it isn’t nearly as light or cheap as an iPad, but it’s still the only true OS X tablet in existence!

Apple Developer Transition System (Mac OS X Intel Migration)

In 2006 Apple stunned the world (again) by announcing they were going over to the Dark Side: the Macintosh was going to switch to Intel processors. Apple had been secretly compiling Mac OS X on Intel chips ever since it’s evolution from NeXTstep, and the G5 marked the end of the line for the PowerPC Macintosh. To allow developers to prepare their software for the change, Apple provided special Macs with Pentium-based motherboards inside PowerMac G5 cases for testing purposes. Called Developer Transition Systems (DTS), these Trojan horse “PowerMacs” came with a special developer version of Mac OS X 10.4.1 for Intel and were leased, not sold, to developers. The mothership required all DTS units to be returned after one year, so very few of these hybrid Macs survive outside the gates of Cupertino.

This DTS is in working condition but does not have a copy of 10.4.1 for Intel. A previous owner had used the tower as a (shudder) Windows XP machine and erased the Apple development software. Noooooo!!!! If anyone has a copy of Mac OS X build 8b1025, please contact me. (Update: software has been located.)

Historical note: the leaking of this early Tiger on Intel release spawned the birth of the Hackintosh. VMM Blog:Apple DTS – a Trojan Horse PowerMac

Early in 2006, I wrote an article for Low End Mac entitled VNC, Basilisk II, and SheepShaver: 3 Ways to Run Classic on an Intel Mac. In it, I noted that the then-new Intel-powered Macs were unable to run older Mac software in called Classic Mode, but that there were at least a couple of ways to get around that, including Basilisk II, which emulates old 680×0 Macs, and SheepShaver, which emulates newer pre-OS X PowerPC Macs.

While SheepShaver, promising emulation of Macs from the late 1990s, would seem a better solution than Basilisk – emulating Macs from the 1980s through early 1990s – I noted in that article: “I’ve been trying to make (SheepShaver) work . . . So far, all I get is a black window.”

While many of us no longer rely on old Classic mode software, Apple gives Classic mode even less support than at the time I wrote that article. At that time, if you had a PowerPC Mac, you could still run older software in Classic Mode if needed. But now, if you’ve upgraded to Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard, your PowerPC Mac will also be Classic-less.

I recently bought a secondhand 12″ G4 PowerBook (more on that another time); it came with Mac OS X 10.4 installed, but I upgraded it to 10.5, thus nuking its Classic Mode capabilities. So I thought it might be time to give SheepShaver another look.

SheepShaver is an open source project designed to emulate Power Mac hardware with versions for Mac OS X, Linux, Windows, and more. In order to make it work, you need to download a copy appropriate for your hardware and operating system, have handy a copy of the Mac operating system (versions 7.5.2 through 9.0.4 – and not a copy that’s tied to a specific piece of hardware), and access to a Mac ROM image. You need the ROM image in order to allow your emulated Mac to start the boot process – where standard Windows-style PCs have fairly simple ROM BIOSes, PowerPC Macs need access to a hunk of Apple-written (and Apple copyright) code before they start to load the operating system.

Catch-22

That Mac ROM image is the catch. If you have access to a PowerPC Mac from that late 1990s era, you could, presumably, make an image using the ROM Grabber utility. But you may want to emulate a PowerPC Mac because you don’t have access to an actual running computer of that era.

Alternatively, the firmware updater file included in the Mac OS 8.5 or 8.6 CD (in the System Folder) is supposed to be usable as a ROM image. It didn’t work for me – all I got was a black screen when I tried to start up SheepShaver. Apple has a Mac OS ROM Update available online that is also supposed to be usable in this way, but you need to be able to extract the ROM image from the software installer. The recommended way is to use a utility called TomeViewer. But TomeViewer is a Classic Mode program – if all you’ve got is an Intel Mac or a PowerPC Mac with Leopard (which is my situation), you can’t make it work. After all, running Classic Mode programs is what this is all about!

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A hunt online got me a number of dead ends but eventually led me to a downloadable “New World PPC ROM”. I unzipped it, pointed SheepShaver to it, and was well on my way.

Setting Up SheepShaver

SheepShaver stores its critical settings in a text configuration file, but the Mac version includes a graphical front end that simplifies configuring it without having to ever touch a text editor. You’ll find it in your SheepShaver application folder, under the name SheepShaverGUI. It looks like an old Unix Motif-style application, rather than something designed for a Mac, but it’s pretty straightforward.

First, create a ‘volume’, a disk image, where you’ll be installing the classic Mac OS of your choice, by looking on the Volumes tab, and clicking the Create… button. I put mine in my Documents folder, so I scrolled down the Unix-style Directors list on the left to find Users, double-clicked to open it, found my name, opened it, scrolled down the list to find the Documents folder.

I gave it a size of 512 MB, and in the Selection box, gave it a name. When I clicked OK, nothing much seemed to happen for a moment or two, but after that, I had a 512 MB file with the proper name in my Documents folder.

Back to the Volumes settings tab. It showed my newly created virtual hard drive. The next setting, Unix Root, may seem obscure. In both Basilisk II and SheepShaver, when booted, the desktop shows at least two drive icons: one for the Mac boot drive, which we just created, and another one labeled Unix. Double-clicking it shows the contents of your ‘real’ Mac’s drive. With the root setting, you’re able to set how much of the Mac drive to make available – the default / makes the entire drive available; you might prefer to start with your Home folder (for instance, /Users/azisman in my case).

Next, you can set to boot from ‘Any’ or ‘CD-ROM’. If installing from a Mac OS CD, the latter might be the best choice – at least for your first boot. Finally, you have an option to disable the CD-ROM driver. We’ll see later that this might be a good choice for day-to-day operation.

The Graphics/Sound tab lets you set the screen size; I picked 800 x 600. As well, you can enable or disable sound output. Sound works, but there may be a trick needed, which I’ll tell you about in a moment.

I didn’t need to do anything to the default settings on the Keyboard/Mouse tab. The Serial/Network tab is worth a quick peek – setting the Ethernet Interface option to ‘slirp’ let me get online using my Macs default networking setting – yes, it worked with both wired ethernet and an AirPort connection on the Mac.

The Memory/Misc tab has two important settings. In the first, you need to set how much RAM to give your virtual Mac when it’s running. Your decision should depend on how much RAM is installed on your ‘real’ Mac; you don’t want to give the virtual Mac so much RAM that you starve OS X. But remember, Macs from that late 1990s-era didn’t have much RAM, at least by contemporary standards. I bought a G3 iMac in 1999, for instance, that came with either 32 or 64 MB (I forget – in either case, not very much). I gave my virtual Mac 128 MB; a large amount for a Mac of that era, but not so much that it will cause problems on my real Mac. (In any case, the real Mac gets the RAM back when SheepShaver isn’t running.)

Finally, in that tab, you need to point to the location of your ROM image file. I copied mine into my SheepShaver application folder. I ignored the JIT Compiler folder.

When the SheepShaver GUI settings look okay, you can click its Start button in the lower-left corner. Alternatively, double-clicking the SheepShaver application file will just start it up, without giving you access to all those configuration settings.

Before starting SheepShaver for the first time, I inserted my OS 8.5 CD and set SheepShaver to boot from the CD. The CD installation program started up, but first it initialized my newly created virtual hard drive file, treating it just like a real Mac hard drive. Following that, I was able to install Mac OS 8.5 without problem, and (after resetting the configuration option to boot to ‘any’) was able to boot up to the ‘hard drive’ of my new 1998-era Mac.

I copied the SheepShaver application and virtual hard drive folder over from my PowerBook to my Intel iMac, so now I have two of them. Copying over was straightforward, though the copied-over ROM image didn’t work, so I downloaded another one.

When starting up for the first time, Mac OS 8.5 tried to run a network setup routine. It seemed to be taking a long time to recognize the networking hardware, so I canceled it. After that, a little fiddling with the TCP/IP control panel was all it took to make Internet access happen. It seems happy just setting up for DHCP and leaving everything else blank.

At first, there was no sound. It turns out that with Mac OS 8.5/8.6, the Monitors & Sound control panel isn’t the one you need to use – instead, look for the old Sound control panel, located in the Apple ExtrasSound Control Panel folder; set Sound Out to Built-in, and you’re in business.

One more thing to avoid: OS 8.5/8.6 has a nice Appearance control panel. The Sound tab offers a ‘Platinum’ sound track. Choosing it immediately crashed my virtual Macs.

One more problem: CDs were accessible without problem, whether the CD was inserted into the Mac prior to starting SheepShaver or afterwards. But ejecting them was problematic. The ‘real’ Mac wouldn’t eject them, because they were still in use in SheepShaver. But ejecting them in SheepShaver just got me a spinning wheel. Better to shut down the virtual Mac, then eject the disc.

Inserting a USB memory stick did not get me an icon on my SheepShaver screen – but I could copy data from the memory stick to a location on my (real) Mac’s hard drive, then access that using the virtual Mac’s Unix drive icon.

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Performance on my Intel iMac is pretty good, but performance on my older (PowerPC) 12″ PowerBook is spectacular – far and away the fastest classic Mac I’ve ever used. That’s because on an Intel Mac, SheepShaver has to emulate PowerPC instructions, translating them into Intel code; on a PowerPC Mac, no translation is necessary. As an example, it takes about 45 seconds to boot the virtual Mac on my 2 GHz Intel iMac. On my 1.5 GHz G4 PowerBook, the same thing takes 16 seconds. That makes it way faster than it used to take to start up Classic Mode!

Frankly, I don’t have much use for Classic Mode; I no longer depend on any of those older programs. But if you do, and you’re worried about not being able to run them after getting a new Mac or upgrading an older one to Leopard, SheepShaver may be your answer.

Or maybe it’s just fun to play with.

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